Engineering

Concrete Calculator

Enter the slab's length and width in feet and the thickness in inches — the calculator gives the volume in cubic feet and cubic yards, adds the 10% overage order desk actually recommends, and converts to bag counts if you are mixing by hand.

Result
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Concrete volume
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Volume (ft³)
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Order quantity (+10%)
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80-lb bags
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60-lb bags
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How the concrete volume works

Slab concrete is just a volume — length × width × thickness — with one unit trap: thickness is quoted in inches while length and width are in feet. Divide the thickness by 12 first, then:

ft³ = L × W × (T ÷ 12)   and   yd³ = ft³ ÷ 27

Ready-mix trucks sell in whole cubic yards, and every pro orders about 10% over the theoretical volume to cover uneven subgrade, spillage and form flex. An order short by half a yard costs a standby fee far larger than the concrete; the surplus spreads into a pad or pier blocks.

Worked example

A 20 × 10 ft patio slab at 4 in: volume = 20 × 10 × ⅓ = 66.7 ft³ = 2.47 yd³. Order 2.72 yd³ — the dispatcher will round to 2.75 or 3. Doing it by hand instead: roughly 112 eighty-pound bags at 0.6 ft³ yield each. That is the honest crossover point: past about a yard, ready-mix delivery beats bag mixing on both cost and backs.

Thickness sanity check

4 in suits patios and walkways, 5–6 in for a residential driveway (often with rebar or mesh), 3,500–4,000 psi mix for freeze-exposed work. If your thickness varies across the slab, calculate each zone separately — subgrade surprises usually mean the real pour needs that 10% overage and then some.

Frequently asked questions

1. How do I calculate cubic yards of concrete?

Multiply length × width × thickness (thickness converted from inches to feet by dividing by 12), then divide cubic feet by 27. A 20×10 ft slab 4 in thick is 66.7 ft³ ≈ 2.47 yd³.

2. How many 80-lb bags make a yard?

About 45 bags per cubic yard (each 80-lb bag yields roughly 0.6 ft³, and 27 ÷ 0.6 = 45). Sixty-pound bags run about 60 per yard.

3. How much extra concrete should I order?

10% over the theoretical volume is the standard rule for slab pours — it covers subgrade irregularity, spillage and forms that flex. Never order the exact calculated number.

4. How thick should a concrete slab be?

Walkways and patios: 4 in. Residential driveways: 5–6 in with reinforcement. Thin decorative overlays: 2 in with special mixes. Thickness drives strength far more than mix brand does.

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